A deep depression over the northwest Bay of Bengal is currently impacting the coastal regions of Bangladesh and eastern India, bringing heavy rainfall, gusty winds, and the threat of tidal surges.

Current Situation

As of May 29, 2025, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) reports that the depression has intensified into a deep depression, moving northwards at approximately 20 km/h. It is centered about 60 km southeast of Sagar Island and 110 km east-southeast of Digha. The system is expected to cross the West Bengal–Bangladesh coasts between Sagar Island and Khepupara by the afternoon of May 29 .

The Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD) has warned 14 coastal districts, anticipating tidal surges 2 to 4 feet above normal levels. Heavy rainfall and gusty winds have been reported in various parts of the country, including the capital, Dhaka .

Implications

Weather Conditions:

• Rainfall: Heavy to very heavy rainfall is expected in parts of Odisha, West Bengal, and Bangladesh. In West Bengal, districts such as Kolkata, Howrah, and South 24 Parganas are under an orange alert, with anticipated rainfall between 70 to 200 mm .
• Wind: Squally winds reaching speeds of 40–50 km/h, gusting up to 60 km/h, are likely over coastal areas
• Sea Conditions: The sea is expected to be rough to very rough over the north and adjoining central Bay of Bengal. Fishermen are advised not to venture into these areas until May 30 .

Flood Risk:

The combination of heavy rainfall and tidal surges increases the risk of flooding in low-lying coastal areas. Authorities are on high alert, and emergency services are prepared for potential evacuations and relief operations.

Historical Context: Notable Cyclones from the Bay of Bengal

The Bay of Bengal has a history of devastating cyclones:

• Cyclone Sidr (2007): This Category 5 cyclone struck Bangladesh, causing over 3,000 deaths and significant damage to infrastructure
• Cyclone Nargis (2008): Nargis hit Myanmar and caused approximately 138,000 fatalities, making it one of the deadliest cyclones in the region.
• Cyclone Amphan (2020): A super cyclone that affected India and Bangladesh, leading to widespread destruction and loss of life.

These events underscore the region’s vulnerability to tropical cyclones and the importance of preparedness and timely response.

Conclusion

The current deep depression in the Bay of Bengal poses significant risks to the coastal regions of Bangladesh and eastern India. Authorities monitor the situation closely, and residents in affected areas are advised to stay informed and follow official guidance.

Continued vigilance and preparedness are essential to mitigate the impacts of such weather systems, drawing lessons from past cyclonic events in the region.